Andrew A, Stephen, Dave, Geoff

Google Images

Essential Questions:

Why were all of the wars and conflicts over the Caribbean fought in Europe?
How did sugar influence the Caribbean?
The economy throughout the Caribbean has remained based on agriculture even with advances in technology, why is this so?
Why did Christopher Columbus have the single biggest effect on Caribbean histor

Caribbean History

Lessons

Lesson Plan

Objectives:
Students will be able to:

Identify the major countries in the Caribbean power struggle
Answer the essential questions and comprehend the answer
Display their knowledge by playing an assessment game

Activity:
Step 1: Introduce our subject and get everyone signed into SubEthaEdit.
Step 2: Have everyone count off by fours so as to organize everyone into groups.
Step 3: “Announce” the four SubEthaEdit documents and instruct them to discuss and answer the first question.
Step 4: Post answering the first question, they will then use the Wikispace to answer the other two questions in the documents.
Step 5: Each of the groups present their answers.
Step 6: Show History iMovie (iMovie will be opened from the Period 2 shared folder).
Materials:

Macbooks for all students and teachers
Smartboard
SubEthaEdit program
iMovie program
Paper (in case of tie in assessment game)
Ms. Skatz Macbook
Ms. Skatz Period 2 shared folder in HS Data

Assessment:
The Game will be the Assessment.

Brief Colonization History of the Caribbean iMovie

SubEthaEdit Documents

Save these to disk and then click open.

Assessment Game iMovie

Directions:
1. Pause after each question to allow for answering time and after each answer for time to color.
2. Each group will get a question and have a chance to answer
3. If they answer correctly, they will color a country to symbolize that they colonized it
4. If they answer incorrectly, the question is posed to the next group, who gets the same opportunity
5. If the question is posed to all groups and none answer correctly, the country is independent and not colored in.
6. In the event of a tie, both groups will write down a question. The question will be approved by the teacher(s) and passed on to the corresponding group.
7. If both groups get the questions right or both get them wrong, rounds continue until only one group answers correctly.

Notes

Indigenous Peoples
- Arawak/Taino
  - Lived on:
    - Barbados
    - Bahamas
    - Haiti
    - Trinidad
    - Tobago
    - Saint Lucia
    - Jamaica
    - Grenada
  - Were united by language
  - Had complex social organization and an economy based on fishing
  - Were very peaceful which made them vulnerable
  - Nearly became extinct because of colonization (war, disease, etc.)
  - Were the first seen by Christopher Columbus
- Caribs
  - Were originally known as the Garifuna
  - Attacked the Arawaks and took several islands from them
  - Their name means cannibal and they are fierce warriors
  - Came from South America’s mainland
  - Population was severely diminished by the British
  - Were constantly deported and put into labor
  - Eventually spread through the world on the ships of other countries
- Ciboneys
  - First to come to Caribbean islands (4,000-5,000 years ago)
Caribbean Wars
- War of Jenkins' Ear
  - Treaty of Seville - British could not trade with Spanish colonies and Spain could board British ships if in Spanish waters. Robert Jenkins claimed the spanish cut off his ear after his ship was boarded. War was declared against Spain in 1739. Britain attacked spanish ports to prove their vulnerability, leading Spain to move to more spread out trade instead of relying on centralized ports. Naval battles ensued until a lack of resources prevented the war from advancing any further.
- Seven Years' War
  - Shifted the power in the Caribbean and Americas from France to Britain, making the British the primary influence and dominance the Americas. Considered by some to be the true World War I because it was fought on a global scale, over the Americas and in Europe.
SlaveryGoogle Images
- Plantation owners needed workers
  - Products in high demand
  - Not enough workers to supply
  - Needed to obtain more
- Started taking prisoners in local islands
  - Made them work in plantations
  - Harvested crops
    - Sugar cane
      - Sugar was in high demand in Europe
      - Main reason for requiring more slaves
    - Bananas
- Demand increased
  - More workers required
  - Started to get slaves from Africa
  - Begin creating larger plantations to harvest sugar
  - Countries competed for land to build plantations
ColonizationGoogle Images
- Columbus sailed to the Caribbean in the name of Spain
  - Landed on small island
    - In Bahamas
    - Actual landing site unknown
  - Explored islands and discovered “New World”
- Other Spanish explorers followed
  - Discovered new crops
    - Bananas
    - Sugar
    - Peppers
  - Became wealthy due to trade in new islands
- Other countries wanted wealth
  - Sent out explorers
    - Colonized countries
    - Established trade routes
    - Fought each other for land
  - Britain was first to colonize a country

Countries that colonized the Caribbean
-Portugal
-England
-France
-Netherlands
-Dutch
-Danes
-Spain

Slave Imports to the Americas, 17th Century

Destination	Number
Spanish America	292,500
Brazil	560,000
British Caribbean	263,700
Dutch Caribbean	40,000
French Caribbean	155,800
Danish Caribbean	4,000
British North America	10,000
Total	1,326,000

Short timeline of events of colonization

1496	The Spanish founded settlements in Hispaniola
1508	The Spanish founded settlements in Puerto Rico
1515	The Spanish founded settlements in Cuba
1554	The Dutch plundered Santiago de Cuba
1555	The French plunder Havana
1586	Santo Domingo surrendered to the British
1595	The British took over San Juan
1628	The Dutch captured the Spanish silver fleet off Cuba
1634	The Dutch seized Curaçao
1635	The French acquired Martinique
1655	The British commandeered Jamaica from Spain
1665	The French occupied half of Hispaniola and called it Haiti

Source

Indentured Labor Migration, 1831-1900

Destination	Number
West Indies	11,152
Pacific Islands	90,084
Mauritius	443,329
French Caribbean	102,019
British Caribbean	98,885
Dutch Guiana	68,493
Java	3,687
Africa	96,032
Reunion	112,054
Cuba	138,156
Peru	117,432
Trinidad	114,766
British Guiana	205,764
Jamaica	30,434

Works Cited

"Caribbean History." Ocean Explorer. 2004. 19 May 2007
<http://www.oceanexplorer.net/caribbean-maps/caribbean-history.htm>.

Cavendish, Marshall, ed. Encyclopedia of World Geography.
2nd ed. Vol. 4.Central America and the Caribbean. Tarrytown, NY: Andromeda, 2002.

"Cuba." Latin America The Caribbean. Encyclopedia of World Geography.
New York: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 2002. 454.

"The Dominican Republic." Latin America The Caribbean.Encyclopedia of World Geography.
New York: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 2002. 458.

"From High Seas to High Life." Caribbean Guide.
2004. segisys. 8 May 2007 <http://caribbean-guide.info/past.and.present/history/>.

"Grenada." Latin America The Caribbean. Encyclopedia of World Geography.
New York: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 2002. 456.

Kielbasa, Andrea. "Arawak." MNSU. 9 May 2007 .

"The non-Spanish Caribbean islands to 1815." The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Latin America and the Caribbean.
Ed. Simon Collier, Harold Blakemore, and Thomas E. Skidmore. Cambridge University Press, 1985. 201-5.

CaribbeanHistory